Accounting - Associate of Arts
The Associates of Arts in Accounting specialization focuses on the role of accounting in business strategy, financial statements, cost information, economics, management, and ethical issues. Students will encounter real-world scenarios where they will use accounting information resources and systems, and present conclusions based on accounting and business data. Additionally, students will use ledgers, journals, and worksheets to complete formal, informal, and quantitative accounting tasks.

Business - Associate of Arts
The Associate of Arts in Business specialization focuses on the topics of business, global business, accounting, economics, finance, and marketing. In this program students will explore fundamental business principles and learn to apply problem solving strategies to real life scenarios. Students will also discuss the effects of culture and ethics in current global and domestic business environments. Some program activities include SWOT analysis, examination of the supply and demand curve, a review of the relationship between marketing and sales, and implementation of basic financial planning techniques.

Financial Services - Associate of Arts
The Financial Services Degree provides knowledge and skills used in the career fields of financial services, including accounting, banking, financial planning, investment, insurance, and other areas of financial management. This concentration investigates money management, accounting procedures, financial transactions, regulatory issues, and customer service in commercial and consumer arenas. Courses in this concentration assist students in developing the specific skills, knowledge, and attributes needed to pursue a career as a financial services professional.

Hospitality, Travel and Tourism - Associate of Arts
The Hospitality, Travel, and Tourism specialization provides content and practical application in an array of foodservice, lodging management, and tourism industry careers. The courses emphasize the leadership competencies and knowledge that provide the foundation of management practices valued in the hospitality arena. The Hospitality, Travel, and Tourism associate degree program is also planned to prepare the student for further study in hospitality or related programs at the undergraduate level.

Sport Management - Associate of Arts
The Sport Management Associate Degree lays a foundation for further studies in sport and recreation management. The concentration focuses on developing knowledge, skills, and attributes in areas such as management and leadership, ethics, budgeting and finance, communication, marketing, and socialcultural factors, all with a sport-related adaptation. This sport management course of study is designed specifically to align with the North American Society for Sport Management (NASSM) national accreditation guidelines for undergraduate sport management programs.

Business - Bachelor of Science (BS)
The Bachelor of Science in Business program is designed to prepare graduates with the requisite knowledge, skills, and values to effectively apply various business principles and tools in an organizational setting. The BSB entry sequence exposes students to valuable theoretical knowledge and best practices in the areas of management, organizational behavior, research and evaluation, and critical thinking and problem solving. In all BSB program coursework, the curriculum addresses critical business issues in the areas of diversity, globalization, ethics, technology, and e-business.

The Bachelor of Science in Business program offers 17 specializations.

• Accounting
• Administration
• Communications
• e-Business
• Finance
• Global Business Management
• Green and Sustainable Enterprise Management
• Hospitality Management
• Human Resource Management
• Information Systems
• Integrated Supply Chain and Operations Management
• Management
• Marketing
• Organizational Innovation
• Public Administration
• Retail Management
• Small Business Management and Entrepreneurship

BS / Business - Accounting
The Bachelor of Science in Business/Accounting program promotes identification with and orientation to the accounting profession, and is designed to provide the knowledge, skills and abilities necessary to a successful accounting career. Core competencies in technology, critical thinking, and communication are emphasized throughout the curriculum.

BS / Business - Administration
The Bachelor of Science in Business/Administration program is designed for the working adult employed in a business or public organization. The Major is designed to enable graduates to deal effectively with an increasingly complex business environment. The Major stresses skill development in the areas of financial accounting, managerial finance, quantitative analysis, economics, marketing, and business-based research.

BS / Business - Communications
The Bachelor of Science in Business program is designed to prepare graduates with the requisite knowledge, skills, and values to effectively apply various business principles and tools in an organizational setting. The BSB entry sequence exposes students to valuable theoretical knowledge and best practices in the areas of management, organizational behavior, research and evaluation, and critical thinking and problem solving. In all BSB program coursework, the curriculum addresses critical business issues in the areas of diversity, globalization, ethics, technology, and e-business.

The Bachelor of Science in Business in Communication (BSB/C) degree program is designed to develop the knowledge and skills for effective communication within the business environment. The communications specialization focuses on the development of professional competencies and values in such areas as public relations, communications theory, communication law and ethics, mass communication, media and advertising, and electronic publishing. In addition to the BSB business entry coursework, the Business Communications major stresses skill development in the areas of communications law, accounting and finance analysis, computers and information processing, general marketing, and macro-economics.

BS / Business - e-Business
The Bachelor of Science in e-Business (BSB/EB) Program blends business and information technology to address the emerging field of e-Commerce and e-Business. The program courses provide fundamental knowledge and application in both business and information technology.

BS / Business - Finance
The Bachelor of Science in Business/Finance (BSB/F) program is designed for the working professional employed by a business or public organization. The program of study is designed to enable graduates to deal effectively with an increasingly complex business environment, emphasizing the professional and personal skills needed for effectively meeting organization needs. These skills include effective decision making, values, clarification, needs assessment, group facilitation, presentation, writing and leadership. The Finance major emphasizes fundamental accounting and finance concepts, theories, and practice to promote well-informed financial decision-making. Additional components of the major concentrate on managerial finance, investment fundamentals, portfolio management, and global finance. Students will integrate advanced topics in financial management through real-world business application.

BS / Business - Global Business Management
The Global Business Management Major emphasizes fundamental principles and practices of conducting global business activities. Components of the Major include: international marketing, international trade and investment, global finance, global human resource management, and global value-chain management. Students will integrate advanced topics in global business management through real-life applications. The program promotes the development of a "global mindset" and reflects the dynamic nature of global business realities. The global business management major stresses skill development in the areas of business law, accounting and finance analysis, computers and information processing, general marketing, and macro-economics.

BS / Business - Green and Sustainable Enterprise Management
The Green and Sustainable Enterprise Management concentration will prepare students for management careers based on sustainable business practices. The program emphasizes the development of skills in operating standards, enterprise planning, social responsibility, sustainable management techniques. Upon completion of this program students will possess the knowledge and skills needed to manage business enterprises for a sustainable future.

BS / Business - Hospitality Management
The hospitality management major will prepare students for careers in the hospitality industry. The program emphasizes the development of skills in lodging management; food and beverage operations management; events and recreation planning; and facilities management. Upon completion of this program students will possess the knowledge and skills needed to become leaders in the hospitality industry.

BS / Business - Human Resource Management
The Human Resource Management Concentration helps students develop an understanding of the fundamentals of human resource management and its strategic relevance in business. The concentration addresses the legal and ethical components of the decision making process involved in the human resources environment. The Human Resource Management Concentration introduces students to the basic concepts of human resource management, and allows further study in the areas of employment law, risk management, recruitment and selection of employees, international HR, change management, compensation and benefits, employee development, and performance management. Students will also develop an understanding of the critical business implications for human resource professionals today and in the future. HR practitioners and managers must be equipped with a solid understanding of the fundamentals of human resource management, along with strong skills in the areas of systems thinking, problem solving, influencing, negotiating, communications, and leadership.

BS / Business - Information Systems
The Bachelor of Science in Information Systems (BSB/IS) Program blends business and information technology to address the emerging field of e-Commerce and e-Business. The program courses provide fundamental knowledge and application in both business and information technology.

BS / Business - Integrated Supply Chain and Operations Management
The Integrated Supply Chain and Operations Management (ISCOM) major concentrates on strategic performance improvement of all business planning, global sourcing and procurement, production, and logistical activities that make up an organization's supply chain. The program highlights the important role a supply chain plays in satisfying customer demands and expectations. The program also emphasizes a company's need to develop and maintain a sustainable competitive advantage through the efficient and effective performance of all operations within its supply chain. This major has coursework that stresses key business related knowledge and skill development in the areas of computers and information processing, business law, macro-economics, financial analysis, and marketing.

BS / Business - Management
The Bachelor of Science in Business/Management is designed for the working adult who wants to acquire or build knowledge and skills essential for management in private and public organizations. The curriculum emphasizes performance systems, employment law, marketing and public relations, financial analysis, global business strategies, and quality management.

BS / Business - Marketing
Marketing managers need creative, analytical and leadership abilities to manage the marketing function of the business enterprise. The Bachelor of Science in Business/Marketing program addresses how to identify customer needs, how to communicate information about products and services to customers and potential customers, where to market and how to price products and services, and how to respond to growing demands to markets in different countries and cultures.

BS / Business - Organizational Innovation
Graduates of the Organizational Innovation specialization will be prepared to apply design principles, innovative practices, and creativity to develop business processes, strategies, services, and products. Additionally, students will be prepared to create strategic and tactical plans, apply basic project management principles to the creative process, and manage intangible assets. Finally, this program bridges the gap between traditional business thinking and an innovative and design focused philosophy.

BS / Business - Public Administration
The public administration major includes coursework in computers and information processing, management, financial analysis, accounting, business law, employment law, and marketing. The public administration major focuses on the efficient and effective utilization of public resources to achieve the public purpose within a dynamic environment. The program will emphasize the foundations of public administration, public policy formulation, program development, implementation and valuation, human resources and labor relations, and public finance. Students will develop powerful leadership skills enabling them to successfully manage complex public programs.

BS / Business - Retail Management
The retail management major focuses the student on the retail management environment. The program emphasizes skill development in strategic management, marketing, supply management, product and brand management, retail operations, merchandising, and personnel management unique to the retail industry. Upon completion of this program students will possess the knowledge and skills necessary to be leaders in the retail industry.

BS / Business - Small Business Management and Entrepreneurship
The Small Business Management/Entrepreneurship concentration provides students with a course framework built around small business planning, financial management, and integrated business topics on entrepreneurship and small business management. Within the concentration, students can elect to study advanced concepts in small business marketing, leadership, family business management, operations management, and business law for entrepreneurs. They may also elect to explore in more depth either small business management or entrepreneurship studies as a function of their concentration electives. Students graduating with the Small Business/Entrepreneurship concentration will be prepared to address the challenges and opportunities specific to small business management and entrepreneurship.

Management - Bachelor of Science
The Bachelor of Science in Management (BSM) program is designed to develop professional knowledge and skills of general managers in their organization or professional industry for improving organizational effectiveness.

Accountancy - Master of Science
This program is designed for accountants and non-accountants who are preparing for a professional certification in accounting such as the uniform Certified Public Accountant (CPA) exam. This degree will allow students to seek positions in such career areas as accounting, auditing, and budgeting.

The MSA consists of 36 credit hours. Thirty credit hours constitute the core curriculum which covers the following areas of accounting: accounting theory and research, accounting information systems, managerial accounting and legal aspects of business, internal control systems, financial reporting, auditing, taxation, not-for-profit and government accounting, forensic accounting, and accounting ethics. The core courses were designed based upon the standards proposed by the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA). Additionally, six credit hours make up the financial accounting and communication proficiency courses. The proficiency courses are required for students who have not completed previous coursework in financial accounting or communications.

This program addresses the goals of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Vision Project for the professional values, communications and leadership skills, strategic and critical thinking skills, and technology skills (The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, 2007). In addition, the program meets the University of Phoenix learning goal of collaboration. A key feature of this program is the utilization of the CPA Test Prep software, which is integrated throughout the core program.

Master of Business Administration (MBA)
The Master of Business Administration program is designed to enhance the management skills students need to function effectively within an organization. Students will create and defend their solutions to problems of crisis management, profitable growth opportunities, and change leadership. Throughout the program, students gain experience in distilling a situation into a well-defined problem; applying tools and concepts to analyze a variety of alternative solutions; and selecting and defending their recommended course of action. The Master of Business Administration program at University of Phoenix utilizes problem-based learning where students refine their problem solving skills along with their communication, creativity, information utilization, and critical thinking skills. They are assessed on the basis of their use of the problem solving process (which employs a general rubric) as well as their communication and critical thinking skills during their presentation. Learning teams will apply the principles of benchmarking throughout the program to research the most creative solutions to a problem. This will enrich the alternatives that learners consider in evaluating possible solutions to the problems.

The Master of Business Administration program offers seven specializations.

• Accounting
• Global Management
• Health Care Management
• Human Resources Management
• Marketing
• Public Administration
• Technology Management

MBA / Accounting
The Master of Business Administration with a concentration in accounting (MBA/ACC) is designed to develop or enhance the financial management skills necessary to function effectively within private businesses, non-profit organizations, and public agencies. The program concentrates on managing human and fiscal resources within the structure, culture, and mission of any organization. The curriculum addresses advanced costing techniques, accounting theory, accounting information systems, issues in corporate taxation, executive management, budgeting, human resources management, organizational development, conflict management, strategic planning, information management, and decision making, among other subjects.

MBA / Global Management
Globalization has increased the need for individuals with specialized knowledge and skills necessary to manage multicultural and multinational workforces effectively in a rapidly-changing environment. The Master of Business Administration with a specialization in Global Management (MBA/GM) program has been developed to provide those individuals the opportunity to study in a program specifically designed for their needs as current or future managers.

MBA / Health Care Management
The Master of Business Administration with a specialization in Health Care Management (MBA/HCM) is designed to provide students with the business management skills needed to manage successfully in today's health care delivery systems. The MBA/HCM program emphasizes the identification, analysis, and solution of complex management problems with a foundation of health care concepts and decision models that will support the variety of management roles that can be seen in today's health care environment. The MBA/HCM specialization is based upon courses in health care organizations, health care finance, quality and data base management, health care infrastructure, and health care strategic management.

MBA / Human Resources Management
The Master in Business Administration with a specialization in Human Resource Management (MBA/HRM) program is designed to meet the needs of a broad but unique population - the working adult manager or supervisor who could benefit from a graduate business education. Because the tools of the human resources management science are applicable to the problems of the public sector as well as the private sector, students whose career interests involve not-for-profit enterprise are also encouraged to seek admission. The MBA/HRM program requires a practical background in business, and the successful candidate will have a least three years of relevant experience.

MBA / Marketing
Master of Business Administration program with specialization in Marketing (MBA/MKT) program is designed to meet the needs of a broad but unique population - the working adult manager or supervisor who could benefit from a graduate business education. Because the tools of the marketing science are applicable to the problems of the public sector as well as the private sector, students whose career interests involve not-for-profit enterprise are also encouraged to seek admission. The MBA/MKT program requires a practical background in business, and the successful candidate will have a least three years of relevant experience.

MBA / Public Administration
The Master of Business Administration/Public Administration program MBA/PA) is designed to enhance the management skills students need to function effectively within an organization. Emphasis is placed on quantitative analysis of business information to improve business decision making. To prepare students for this decision-making role, the MBA/PA has been designed to introduce the theory or principles that frame a wide range of problems or issues in each of the courses. The most current techniques or tools are applied to these theories to allow students to practice making decisions to solve a wide range of problems.

MBA / Technology Management
The Master of Business Administration/Technology Management program is designed to enhance the management skills students need to function effectively within a technology organization. Students will create and defend their solutions to technology- based problems of crisis management, profitable growth opportunities, and change leadership. Throughout the program, students gain experience in distilling a situation into a well- defined problem; applying tools and concepts to analyze a variety of alternative solutions; and selecting and defending their recommended course of action.

Master of Management (MM)
The Master of Management program (MM) is designed to enhance the management skills needed to function effectively within an organization. Students focus on leadership and management—the human side of an organization. This program emphasizes emerging management theory, techniques, and practices, and incorporates feedback and key competencies from senior business executives, curriculum-design experts, and university academic professionals. The MM program develops management skills in defining business problems, assessing information, considering alternatives, and choosing the best solutions. Graduates attain the skill sets necessary to evaluate and manage the challenges facing contemporary organizations.

The Master of Management program offers three specializations.

• Human Resources Management
• International
• Public Administration

MM / Human Resources Management
The Master of Management/Human Resources Management program is designed to enhance the management skills students need to function effectively within an organization. Students learn to synthesize business concepts and practices presented in this program to develop solutions for specific managerial situations found within the organizational environment. Areas of focus include development of human capital, implementation of organizational initiatives, managing conflict, fostering creativity, innovation through organizational design, and managing in a cross-cultural environment.

In the MM/HRM specialization, students will create complex business problem solving scenarios drawing upon skills and competencies mastered during the program. Students will gain experience in distilling a situation into a well-defined business problem to exploit management-based opportunities for an organization of their choice. They will apply business tools and concepts to analyze a variety of alternative solutions, and will receive feedback on the choices they make. They will defend their solutions and recommend a course of action and performance-based evaluation metrics for the business problem.

MM / International
The Master of Management International (MM-I) Program has been designed to develop and enhance the international management skills necessary to function effectively within an organization. The MM-I program incorporates feedback and key competencies from senior global executives, curriculum-design experts, and university academic professionals. This program also has been designed for people who seek to focus on leadership, management, or the human side of an organization.

The MM-I program prepares students for the role managers play in defining business problems, assessing the information, considering alternatives, and choosing the best solution. The courses within the 30-credit hour MM-I program have been designed in trios. The first trio of courses addresses how organizations succeed by recognizing cultural diversity and the challenges of communication and management. The second trio sets up the context (e.g., political, economic, and legal) for doing business across borders. The third trio prepares students for the decision-making role by introducing problems or issues in each course.

MM / Public Administration
The Master of Management/Public Administration program is designed to enhance the management skills students need to function effectively within an organization. Students learn to synthesize business concepts and practices presented in this program to develop solutions for specific managerial situations found within the organizational environment. Areas of focus include development of human capital, implementation of organizational initiatives, managing conflict, fostering creativity, innovation through organizational design, and managing in a cross-cultural environment.

In the MM/PA specialization, students will create complex business problem solving scenarios drawing upon skills and competencies mastered during the program. Students will gain experience in distilling a situation into a well-defined business problem to exploit management-based opportunities for an organization of their choice. They will apply business tools and concepts to analyze a variety of alternative solutions, and will receive feedback on the choices they make. They will defend their solutions and recommend a course of action and performance-based evaluation metrics for the business problem.

Doctor of Business Administration
The Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) degree program offered by University of Phoenix provides learners who hold a professional master's degree a means of exploring their personal readiness to become leaders in management professions. Learners gain a mastery of business administration literature and demonstrate their competence by applying this knowledge to current business environments.

Doctor of Management in Organizational Leadership
The Doctor of Management in Organizational Leadership degree program offered by University of Phoenix provides learners who hold a professional master's degree a means of exploring their personal readiness to become leaders in their professions or current organizations. Learners gain a mastery of leadership literature and demonstrate their competence by applying what they learn to current organizational environments.